DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] A method and apparatus for testing the proper operation of an electronic pet containment transmitter, or electronic pet containment system tester is described and shown in the figures. The transmitter includes an internal short loop antenna that is used to activate the receiver unit when it is brought into close proximity of the transmitter.

[0019] FIG. 1 illustrates one embodiment of an electronic animal containment system 100 . The electronic animal containment system 100 includes a transmitter 102 that produces an electromagnetic containment signal, which defines the containment area 104 . A wire-loop connected to the transmitter 102 defines the boundary of the containment area 104 and serves as a broadcast antenna for the containment signal. The animal 106 is contained within the containment area 104 through the use of the receiver unit 114 , which is carried by the animal 106 . The containment area 104 defines three zones. The first zone is a safe zone 112 where the animal 106 receives no warnings or corrections. As the animal 106 approaches the wire-loop 104 , it enters the warning zone 110 . While in the warning zone 110 , the animal 106 receives a cue, which is known to those skilled in the art, that is intended to warn the animal 106 that it approaching the limits of the containment area 104 . If the animal 106 ignores the warning and enters the correction zone 108 , the animal 106 receives a corrective stimulus, which is known to those skilled in the art, that is intended to deter the animal 106 from further movement towards the limits of the containment area 104 . While the illustrated embodiment is a wire-based containment system, those skilled in the art will recognize that a wireless containment system can be used with the receiver unit 114 without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Further, those skilled in the art will recognize that the transmitter can be adapted to drive more than one wire-loop allowing for multiple containment zones.

[0020] FIG. 2 depicts one embodiment of the receiver unit 200 . The receiver unit 200 includes a pair of electrodes 202 a , 202 b extending from the housing 204 of the receiver unit 200 . In the illustrated embodiment, the electrodes 202 a , 202 b are removable and are adapted to pass through openings in a collar (not shown) so as to secure the receiver unit 200 to the collar. Typically, each electrode 202 a , 202 b has a threaded end that cooperates with a threaded receptor 206 of receiver unit 200 , which provides the necessary mechanical and electrical contact. A locking washer 208 a , 208 b serves to resist unintended disengagement of the electrode 202 a , 202 b from the receiver unit 200 and is sized to have a diameter substantially greater than the openings in the collar such that the collar is retained between the locking washer 208 a , 208 b and the receiver unit 200 when the electrode 202 a , 202 b is engaged. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the manner in which the receiver unit 200 is secured to a collar can vary without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. For example, the collar can be threaded through a series of buckles molded into or secured to the housing 204 . Other features of the receiver unit 200 , including the battery opening 210 , adjustment mechanisms (not shown), and audible and/or visual indicators (not shown) are commonly known to those skilled in art and dictated by the desired functionality of the receiver unit 200 and can be included without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[0021] FIG. 3 depicts one embodiment of the transmitter 300 . The transmitter 300 includes a housing 302 that contains the electronic circuitry (not visible in FIG. 3 ). The housing 302 defines an access point 304 configured to receive the receiver unit electrodes 202 a , 202 b , thereby bringing them into close proximity to the internal short loop antenna (not visible in FIG. 3 ). In the illustrated embodiment, the access point 304 includes a pair of openings 306 a , 306 b spaced to receive the electrodes of the receiver unit. The operator selects whether the short loop antenna or the standard broadcast antenna is active. Depending upon the design objects, the switch design and implementation can be selected from a number of designs and implementations known to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. For example, the switch may be externally located and weather-sealed, located behind an access port, internally located, or manipulated remotely, such as a magnetic reed switch operated by a magnetic key. In one embodiment, the switch is a microswitch activated when the electrodes engage the access point 304 .

[0022] The transmitter 300 also includes a number of lamps, or visual indicators, 308 a , 308 b , 308 c , 308 d that provide visual indication of various conditions of the transmitter 300 . For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the transmitter 300 includes a short loop test indicator 308 a , a power indicator 308 b , a first main loop indicator 308 c , and a second main loop indicator 308 d . Again, depending upon the design objects, the implementation of the indicators 308 a , 308 b , 308 c , 308 d can be selected from a number of implementations known to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. For example, the visual indictors 308 a , 308 b , 308 c , 308 d can be replaced or supplemented with audible indicators. Further, the visual indicators 308 a , 308 b , 308 c , 308 d can be upgraded to provide additional information, such as with bar LEDs, multiple-segment LED displays, LCD displays, or other text capable displays.

[0023] FIG. 4 illustrates a block diagram of the various functions of the electronic circuitry 400 of the transmitter 300 of the present invention. The electronic circuitry 400 includes a controller/processor 402 that coordinates the various functions provided by the electronic circuitry 400 . In communication with the controller/processor 402 are a clock generator 404 , a correction level selector 406 , a broadcast range selector 408 , a broadcast frequency selector 410 , an operation mode selector 412 , a power circuit 414 , an audio output device 416 , and a broadcast circuit 418 . Those skilled in the art will recognize that the correction level selector 406 , the broadcast range selector 408 , the broadcast frequency selector 410 , the operation mode selector 412 , and the audio output device 416 are directly related to extended features of the transmitter 300 of the present invention. Such features are not necessary to achieve the present invention. The clock generator 404 and the power circuit 414 are common components of a typical transmitter. The implementation of these extended features and common components is well known to those skilled in the art.

[0024] A loop selector 420 routs the output of broadcast circuit 418 to a selected transmission antenna. In the illustrated embodiment, the loop selector 420 cooperates with a mechanical coupler 422 to substitute a testing apparatus for the main wire-loop 104 to verify communication between the transmitter 300 and the receiver unit 200 . When engaged, the loop selector 420 electrically shunts the signal from the broadcast circuit 418 through a short loop 424 , thereby bypassing main wire-loop(s) 104 . In one embodiment, the short loop 424 is located in or on the transmitter 300 proximate to the access point 304 . In addition, the loop selector 420 , through the mechanical coupler 422 , electrically connects a pair of receiver electrode contact points 426 to an operation indicator 428 . Those skilled in the art will recognize that the short loop could also be located external to the transmitter without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[0025] FIG. 5 illustrates the test circuit 500 in greater detail. The output of the controller/processor 402 feeds a pair of signal amplifiers 502 a , 502 b . The output of the pair of signal amplifiers 502 a , 502 b is routed via the loop selector 504 to either the main loop 506 or the short loop 508 . Coupled to the signal amplifiers 502 a , 502 b is a break detection circuit 510 that is responsive to current interruptions in the main wire-loop(s) 104 . An interruption indicates a breakage in the main-loop 104 . In one embodiment, the break detection circuit 510 includes a current sensing transformer. In the illustrated embodiment, the main loop 506 is protected with transient voltage surge suppression (TVSS) circuits 512 a , 512 b.

[0026] The loop selector 504 includes a normally open switch 514 connecting the output lines from each signal amplifier 502 a , 502 b . When the switch 514 is closed, the output lines from the pair of signal amplifiers 502 a , 502 b are shorted bypassing the main loop 506 and routing the output signal through the short loop 508 .

[0027] The loop selector 504 also includes a switching mechanism 516 that connects the electrode contact points 518 a , 518 b to the inputs of an operation indicator 520 . In one embodiment, the switching mechanism 516 is a mechanical switching device that physically connects the electrode contact points 518 a , 518 b to the operation indicator 520 . Those skilled in the art will recognize that an equally effective design can be achieved using other switch types intended to make and break electrical connections without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention.

[0028] By way of example, the operation of the test circuit 500 is described. To test the operation of the system, the transmitter 300 is activated and placed in a normal operation mode. The receiver unit electrodes 202 a , 202 b are brought into contact with the electrode contact points 518 a , 518 b . The loop selector 504 is depressed thereby sending the broadcast signal through the short loop antenna 508 . Simultaneously, the electrode contact points 518 a , 518 b are electrically connected to the operation indicator 520 . If the receiver unit 200 properly receives and decodes the broadcast signal, a correction stimulus is generated. The voltage that is produced at the receiver unit electrodes 202 a , 202 b is conducted through the electrode contact points 518 a , 518 b to the operation indicator 520 . In one embodiment, the operation indicator 520 is a neon lamp having a 50-volt activation potential. When produced, the correction stimulus directly drives the neon lamp with sufficient voltage to illuminate the neon lamp. The lighting of the neon lamp indicates proper functioning and communication between the transmitter 300 and the receiver unit 200 .

[0029] Those skilled in the art will recognize that the short loop antenna can be implemented using a variety of components and positioned in a number of differing locations without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. The primary characteristics of the short loop antenna are that it is located on or within, i.e., integral to, the transmitter unit and that it has a small area or footprint. In one embodiment, the short loop antenna has a perimeter smaller than the transmitter and typically on the order of a couple of inches. For example, the short loop antenna can be implemented as a trace drawn on a circuit board within the transmitter unit, an electrical trace drawn on the transmitter unit housing, either internally or externally, or a stand alone wire-loop antenna located on or within the transmitter unit housing.

[0030] In the above example, a number of details have been described concerning the design and operation of the electronic pet containment system tester. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other implementations can be utilized without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. For example, the neon lamp test fixture is a relatively simple device that is capable of verifying that a voltage in excess of 50 volts is being produced by the receiver unit. However, by implementing a basic voltage meter, the output of the receiver unit is measured with precision allowing verification of the proper operation of the correction generation circuitry. The mechanical connection between the electrode connection points and the operation indicator can be implemented with an electrical connection.

[0031] While a preferred embodiment has been shown and described, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the disclosure, but rather it is intended to cover all modifications and alternate methods falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.